Epithets R
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| Epithet | Meaning | Reference |
| racemosa
| In form of a cluster of grapes (racemus, a bunch of grapes). | Z |
| racemosum
| In form of a cluster of grapes (racemus, a bunch of grapes). | Z |
| racemosus
| In form of a cluster of grapes (racemus, a bunch of grapes). | Z |
| radians
| Radiating, as from a centre, as a ray. | Z |
| radiata
| Ray-like. | Z |
| radiatus
| Ray-like. | Z |
| radicans
| Rooting, more particularly of stems or leaves. | Z |
| radicata
| Possessing a tap root. | Z |
| radiiflorus
| Bearing ray-like flowers. | Z |
| ramosa
| Having many branches. | Z |
| ramosissima
| Very much branched. | Z |
| ramosissimum
| Very much branched. | Z |
| ramosum
| Having many branches. | Z |
| ramosus
| Having many branches. | Z |
| ranunculoides
| Resembling Ranunculus. | Z |
| raphanistrum
| I think this means it is the "type" for the Genus Raphanus? | |
| rapunculoides
| Resembling Garden Rampion. | Z |
| reclinata
| Turned or bent downward. | Z |
| recta
| In a straight line (not curved). | Z |
| rectum
| In a straight line (not curved). | Z |
| recurva
| Bent down. | Z |
| recurvatum
| Curved backward or downward. | Z |
| recurvum
| Bent down. | Z |
| recutita
| Denude of skin, or apparently so. | Z |
| rediviva
| Reviving. | Z |
| reflexa
| Bent back abruptly. | Z |
| reflexum
| Bent back abruptly. | Z |
| reflexus
| Bent back abruptly. | Z |
| regale
| Royal. | Z |
| regalis
| Royal. | Z |
| regillus
| Royal. | Z |
| rehderiana
| Named for German botanist Alfred Rehder. | |
| reichenbachiana
| Named after Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, an Orchid specialist (but Viola reichenbachiana is named after him as well as several orchids), who lived from 1823 to 1889. | Z |
| remota
| Scattered (not close together). | Z |
| remotum
| Scattered (not close together). | Z |
| repanda
| With slightly uneven, undulating margin. | Z |
| repandum
| With slightly uneven, undulating margin. | Z |
| repens
| Creeping and rooting. | Z |
| reptans
| Creeping and rooting (same as repens). | Z |
| resupinatum
| Bent back, upside down. | Z |
| reticulata
| Netted, resembling net-work. | Z |
| reticulatum
| Netted, resembling net-work. | Z |
| reticulatus
| Netted, resembling net-work. | Z |
| retroflexum
| Bent backward and forward, zigzag. | Z |
| retroflexus
| Bent backward and forward, zigzag. | Z |
| retusa
| Blunted, with a slight notch at a rounded apex. | Z |
| retusum
| Blunted, with a slight notch at a rounded apex. | Z |
| rex
| King. | Z |
| rhamnoides
| like Rhamnus, Buckthorn. | |
| rhenana
| From the banks of the river Rhine. | Z |
| rhoeas
| Old Generic name. | JS |
| rhombifolius
| With leaves of rhomboidal shape. | Z |
| rhomboidalis
| Resembling a rhombic outline. | Z |
| rhytidophyllum
| With leaves like the common Poppy. | Z |
| rigens
| Stiff. | Z |
| rigida
| Stiff, inflexible. | Z |
| rigidula
| Somewhat stiff. | Z |
| rigidum
| Stiff, inflexible. | Z |
| rimosa
| Having chinks or cracks as some bark. | Z |
| ringens
| Gaping open, as some labiate flowers. | Z |
| riparius
| Growing on the banks of rivers and streams. | Z |
| rivale
| Growing by the brook side. | Z |
| rivalis
| Growing by the brook side. | Z |
| riviniana
| Named for August Quirinus Bachmann, (Latinised to Augustus Quirinus Rivinus), 17th century German botanist and anatomist. | Z |
| rivulare
| Growing by the brook side. | Z |
| rivularis
| Growing by the brook side. | Z |
| robertianum
| After Robert, a French Abbot. | JS |
| robur
| Latin for hard wood or Oak. | |
| robusta
| Strong, big, gigantic. | Z |
| romana
| Of Roman origin. | Z |
| rosacea
| With five petals like a rose, rose-like, rose-coloured. | Z |
| rosae
| Of roses. | |
| rosea
| Rose-coloured, or pale red-pink. | Z |
| roseum
| Rose-coloured, or pale red-pink. | Z |
| roseus
| Rose-coloured, or pale red-pink. | Z |
| rostrata
| Beak-shaped, somewhat beaked. | Z |
| rostratum
| Beak-shaped, somewhat beaked. | Z |
| rosulatum
| Forming small rosettes. | Z |
| rotata
| Wheel-shaped, circular and flat. | Z |
| rotunda
| Round. | Z |
| rotundifolia
| With round leaves. | Z |
| rotundifolium
| With round leaves. | Z |
| rotundifolius
| With round leaves. | Z |
| rotundus
| Round. | Z |
| rubella
| Shining red. | Z |
| rubellum
| Shining red. | Z |
| rubens
| Of red colour, blush-red. | Z |
| ruber
| Red in a general sense. | Z |
| rubescens
| Becoming red, turning red. | Z |
| rubicundum
| Dark red, ruddy. | Z |
| rubiginosa
| Reddish-brown, rust-coloured. | Z |
| rubiginosum
| Reddish-brown, rust-coloured. | Z |
| rubra
| Red in a general sense. | Z |
| rubricaulis
| With red stalk. | Z |
| rubriflorus
| Bearing red flowers. | Z |
| rubrum
| Red in a general sense. | Z |
| ruderale
| Growing on debris, or on waste places. | Z |
| rudis
| Rough. | Z |
| rufa
| Red, or foxy-red. | Z |
| rufescens
| Reddish-brown, becoming reddish. | Z |
| rufinerve
| With red nerves, vein. | Z |
| rufus
| Red, or foxy-red. | Z |
| rugosa
| Covered with, or thrown into wrinkles. | Z |
| rugosum
| Covered with, or thrown into wrinkles. | Z |
| runcinatum
| With large, saw-like teeth (runcina, a large saw). | Z |
| rupestre
| Rock-loving, or growing between rocks (rupes, a rock). | Z |
| rupestris
| Rock-loving, or growing between rocks (rupes, a rock). | Z |
| rupicola
| Growing in stony places. | Z |
| rustica
| Rural. | Z |
| rusticana
| Cultivated in fields. | Z |
| ruta-muraria
| Spleen-wort, or white Maidenhair. | Z |
| ruthenica
| From Ruthenia - a name that has been used for many eastern European areas over the centuries but probably refers to present day Ukraine in botany. | Z |
| ruthenicum
| From Ruthenia - a name that has been used for many eastern European areas over the centuries but probably refers to present day Ukraine in botany. | Z |
| rutilans
| Auburn, gold-red with metallic lustre. | Z |
| rutilus
| Glowing, reddish-yellow, used for plants with glowing red, orange, or yellow flowers. | Z |

